NAD+ 1000mg Pure Focus Formula | NR + Resveratrol + PQQ + Quercetin Daily Drink Mix

The 4-ingredient morning longevity drink — Nicotinamide Riboside, Trans-Resveratrol, PQQ, and Quercetin Phytosome in a single berry packet. One stick replaces four bottles for the people who already know what's in a longevity stack and just want the fastest way to actually take it every day. NR raises the precursor pool, resveratrol activates the sirtuins that use NAD+, PQQ multiplies the mitochondria where NAD+ does its work, and phytosome-bound quercetin shields the existing pool from CD38 — the four-lever protocol that the precursor-only category misses.

The 30-second answer

• NAD+ raised, not just a precursor delivered. 300 mg of Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) per packet — the most-researched NAD+ precursor on the market with 65+ registered human trials and a single-dose 2.7× whole-blood NAD+ increase in healthy adults (Trammell 2016, Nat Commun).
• The sirtuin partner is included. Trans-Resveratrol activates SIRT1 — the longevity enzyme that uses NAD+. Without it, raised NAD+ has fewer enzymes putting it to work (Howitz 2003, Nature; Park 2012, Cell).
• Mitochondrial biogenesis kicker. 10 mg PQQ — clinically shown to increase mitochondrial number via PGC-1α / NRF1 / TFAM activation (Chowanadisai 2010, JBC; Hwang 2018).
• CD38 inhibitor + senolytic in one. 250 mg Quercetin Phytosome (Quercefit) — phospholipid-bound for ~20× the bioavailability of standard quercetin (Riva 2019), with senolytic activity in the Mayo Clinic Dasatinib + Quercetin protocol (Justice 2019) and CD38 inhibition that protects the NAD+ pool (Escande 2013).
• One packet, one minute, no capsules. Mix in 7–10 oz of cool water. Berry flavor, no aftertaste, no four bottles cluttering your counter, no stack abandonment after week three.
• Dose-disclosed label, no proprietary blends. Every active ingredient prints its mg dose. No hidden fillers, no titanium dioxide, no soy, no GMO, no gluten — and no capsule shells at all.

Why these four ingredients ended up in one packet

NAD+ doesn't decline because the body forgot how to make it. It declines because (1) salvage-pathway precursors get used up faster than they're rebuilt, (2) the enzymes that consume NAD+ — sirtuins, PARPs, and especially CD38 — speed up with age and inflammation, and (3) the mitochondria that depend on NAD+ get fewer and less efficient. Massudi's landmark 2012 PLoS ONE human skin biopsy series put numbers on it: NAD+ falls roughly 50% between ages 30 and 70. A precursor on its own only addresses one of those three mechanisms.

This formula was built backward from the failure modes of single-ingredient stacks:

• NR rebuilds the precursor pool. It bypasses the rate-limiting NAMPT step that's required for the standard nicotinamide → NMN → NAD+ salvage pathway, and converts cleanly through NRK1/NRK2 in two enzymatic steps (Trammell 2016).
• Trans-Resveratrol activates the sirtuins that need NAD+ to function. SIRT1 is the gatekeeper of the longevity program — without sirtuin demand, more NAD+ doesn't translate into more longevity signaling, just more substrate that gets shunted to other consumers (Howitz 2003; Lagouge 2006, Cell).
• PQQ increases mitochondrial number through PGC-1α activation, so the larger NAD+ pool has more places to do useful work — turning a precursor that would otherwise be wasted into actual ATP and signaling currency (Chowanadisai 2010).
• Quercetin Phytosome reduces inflammatory CD38 activity (CD38 is a major NAD+ consumer that rises with age — Camacho-Pereira 2016, Cell Metab) and adds senolytic clearance of the "zombie" cells that drive inflammation in the first place (Justice 2019, EBioMedicine; Yousefzadeh 2018, EBioMedicine).

You can buy these four ingredients in four separate bottles. Most people start, take them inconsistently because four-bottle protocols have a 35-second compliance cost every morning, and stop somewhere between weeks 4 and 8. A single morning drink solves the compliance problem that kills the majority of supplement protocols before they reach the timeline at which the underlying pharmacology actually matters.

What's in each packet (dose-disclosed, no proprietary blends)

• Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) — 300 mg. A B3 vitamin form that bypasses NAMPT and converts to NMN → NAD+ in two enzymatic steps via NRK1/NRK2. The Trammell 2016 trial in Nature Communications showed a single 300 mg oral dose raised whole-blood NAD+ by ~2.7× within 8 hours in healthy adults. Subsequent trials (Martens 2018, Nat Commun; Dollerup 2018, Am J Clin Nutr; Conze 2019, Sci Rep) confirmed sustained elevation with daily dosing across 6–12 week protocols, with no rebound after washout.
• Trans-Resveratrol — 150 mg. The bioactive trans-isomer, not the cheaper cis form sold in many products. Activates SIRT1 directly (Howitz 2003) and triggers PGC-1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis through the same molecular pathway as caloric restriction (Lagouge 2006). The Sinclair lab's pairing logic is explicit: an NAD+ precursor + a sirtuin activator do more together than either alone, because the precursor has nowhere productive to go without the enzyme that consumes it for longevity work.
• PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone, 99% pure) — 10 mg. A redox cofactor that signals through CREB → PGC-1α → NRF1/NRF2 → TFAM → mitochondrial biogenesis (Chowanadisai 2010). It also crosses the blood-brain barrier; small human trials (Nakano 2012, FFHD; Itoh 2016, Adv Exp Med Biol) show improvements in cognitive performance, sleep quality (especially deep-sleep duration), and reduced inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6) at 10–20 mg daily across 8–12 week protocols.
• Quercetin Phytosome (Quercefit®) — 250 mg. Phospholipid-bound quercetin with ~20× the plasma bioavailability of standard quercetin (Riva 2019, Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci). Two roles in this formula: (1) senolytic — partners with dasatinib in the Mayo Clinic clearance protocol (Justice 2019) and is being studied as a standalone senolytic; (2) CD38 inhibitor — reduces age-related NAD+ consumption (Escande 2013, Diabetes), so the NR you just took has a longer functional half-life inside the cell.

The bioavailability problem (and how the formula solves it)

Most longevity supplements fail in the gut, not in the cell. Three of the four actives in this formula are notoriously hard to absorb in their bulk-powder form, which is why dose-on-the-label and dose-in-the-blood are very different numbers for off-the-shelf products:

• NR — high absolute bioavailability, but rate-limited by transport. NR uses NRK1/NRK2 transporters and is well-absorbed at the 300 mg single-dose tier (Trammell 2016, AUC and Cmax data published in supplementary materials). Above ~600 mg per dose the response curve flattens — the rate-limiting step shifts from absorption to enzymatic conversion. 300 mg is on the steep part of the curve and is the dose used in the foundational human trials.
• Trans-Resveratrol — <1% oral bioavailability without enhancement. Resveratrol is heavily glucuronidated and sulfated in the gut wall and liver (Walle 2004, Drug Metab Dispos). The plasma half-life of free resveratrol is roughly 9 minutes — the pharmacokinetics that historically embarrassed the resveratrol literature. The drink-mix delivery format starts oral-mucosa absorption immediately, bypassing some of the first-pass metabolism that hammers capsule-form resveratrol, and the 150 mg trans dose is calibrated against the metabolite-corrected exposure data that actually correlates with sirtuin activation in humans (Brown 2010, Cancer Res).
• PQQ — small molecule, well-absorbed. 10 mg is the dose that hit clinical endpoints in the published cognitive-performance and sleep-quality trials (Nakano 2012; Itoh 2016).
• Quercetin — ~5% bioavailable as free aglycone, ~100% as phytosome. Standard quercetin is one of the worst-bioavailable flavonoids in the supplement world. The phytosome (phospholipid-complex) form binds the molecule to phosphatidylcholine, which carries it across the enterocyte membrane via a passive route that doesn't depend on the limited active-uptake transporters. Riva 2019 showed ~20× the plasma AUC vs. equivalent free quercetin doses. 250 mg of Quercefit phytosome is bioequivalent to roughly 5,000 mg of bulk-powder quercetin — which is how a "small" dose on the label translates into a senolytic-relevant exposure inside the cell.

Net effect: every milligram on the label is a milligram that actually enters circulation, which is the reason the four-ingredient stack can fit in a single 5-gram packet without sacrificing the doses that drove the underlying clinical evidence.

The 9 hallmarks of aging — what this drink covers

López-Otín's 2013 / 2023 hallmarks-of-aging framework (Cell) is the standard taxonomy for what changes during biological aging. This single packet directly addresses four of the nine, plus partial coverage of two more:

• Mitochondrial dysfunction — PQQ + NR (substrate + biogenesis).
• Deregulated nutrient sensing — Resveratrol activates SIRT1, the central sensor downstream of the AMPK / mTOR / sirtuin triangle.
• Cellular senescence — Quercetin Phytosome (Mayo Clinic D+Q protocol).
• Chronic inflammation ("inflammaging") — Quercetin + PQQ both lower CRP/IL-6 in their respective trials.
• Loss of proteostasis (partial) — Resveratrol triggers some autophagy via SIRT1 → mTOR-independent pathways, though the autophagy specialist in the catalog is Spermidine 10 mg.
• Stem cell exhaustion (partial) — Restoring NAD+ has been shown to rescue muscle-stem-cell function in murine models (Zhang 2016, Science); human translation is still in early trials.

The remaining hallmarks (genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, altered intercellular communication, disabled macroautophagy, dysbiosis) are outside the scope of any single supplement — they require lifestyle inputs (sleep, exercise, dietary fiber) and, where relevant, specific products like CaAKG, fisetin, glycine + NAC, or omega-3.

What's in each packet

• Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) — 300 mg
• Trans-Resveratrol — 150 mg
• PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone) — 10 mg
• Quercetin Phytosome (Quercefit®) — 250 mg
• Natural berry flavor, citric acid, stevia leaf extract
• Net weight ~5 g per stick pack, <5 calories, no added sugar

30 stick packs per box = 30-day supply at one-per-day.

The drink-vs-capsule trade-off, honestly

We sell both. Here's the actual difference, not the marketing version:

• Drink wins on compliance. If you don't enjoy swallowing 4–8 capsules every morning, the packet is the version you'll actually finish for 90 days. Compliance is the variable that explains 80% of the variance in real-world supplement outcomes — pharmacology that you don't take every day is pharmacology that doesn't work.
• Drink wins on absorption window. Soluble delivery starts in the mouth and upper GI tract — no waiting on capsule shells to dissolve, no gastric-emptying lag for water-soluble actives. For resveratrol especially, oral-mucosa absorption captures a fraction of the dose before first-pass hepatic metabolism gets to it.
• Drink wins on travel. Stick packs go in a carry-on. Four bottles do not. For frequent travelers, this is often the difference between staying on protocol and abandoning it for a week every business trip.
• Drink wins on stack discipline. Four ingredients, one packet, taken at one moment. There's no "I forgot the resveratrol" or "the PQQ ran out three weeks ago" failure mode.
• Capsules win on dose flexibility. Want 1000 mg NMN instead of 300 mg NR? Want to titrate resveratrol up or down on different days? Want to add 600 mg of NMN on workout days? Capsules give you that knob.
• Capsules win on cost-per-dose. The bulk capsule version of this stack is cheaper if you're optimizing for price per mg, accepting the four-bottle compliance burden.
• Capsules win on travel-volume. A single 60-count bottle holds 30 days of capsule stack at the smallest physical footprint, if you're truly weight-constrained.

If you're choosing between this and our other NAD+ options, see NMN vs NAD+: which should you take in 2026 for the full breakdown.

Where it fits in the longevity stack

This drink covers four of the nine hallmarks of aging in one packet. To round out a complete protocol, the most-asked-about pairings (in order of clinical priority for most adults 35+):

• Add a methyl donor. NR/NMN methylation can deplete methyl groups over months — every NAD+ molecule consumed gets methylated to N-methyl-nicotinamide before excretion. TMG 1000 mg (trimethylglycine / betaine) replaces what's spent and is the single most-recommended addition for anyone taking NR or NMN longer than 90 days.
• Add a CD38 inhibitor. Quercetin in this formula already does some of this work. For people running a higher-dose stack or who care about maximizing intracellular NAD+ residence time, layering in Apigenin 50 mg + BioPerine targets CD38 more directly — apigenin has a stronger CD38 IC50 than quercetin in vitro (Escande 2013).
• Add senolytic clearance. Quercetin gives partial clearance. Fisetin 500 mg dosed monthly (Mayo Clinic-style: 2 days on, 28 days off) clears senescent cells more aggressively. Fisetin was the most-potent senolytic of 10 flavonoids tested head-to-head (Yousefzadeh 2018).
• Add the glutathione precursor pair. The GlyNAC protocol — Glycine 1500 mg + NAC 600 mg — restores glutathione synthesis, which independently lifts mitochondrial function (Sekhar 2021 Baylor trial). This is the most-evidence-backed addition outside the NAD+ family itself.
• Add foundational nutrients. Vitamin D3 5000 IU + K2 MK-7, Magnesium Glycinate 400 mg, and Omega-3 2000 mg are the substrate base every longevity stack runs on top of. Without them, the higher-tier compounds compound onto a deficiency rather than baseline.
• Want maximum-bioavailability NAD+ instead? See Liposomal NAD+ Ultimate 1000 mg — phospholipid-encapsulated NAD+ for direct cellular delivery without the precursor-conversion step.
• Want the cheapest NMN entry point? Start with Pure NMN 500 mg capsules.
• Want 1000 mg double-strength NMN? See NMN 1000mg Double Strength.
• Want NMN + Resveratrol with separate dose control? The Longevity Stack Bundle gives you both bottles at a discount.
• Want the AMPK/sirtuin sister molecule? CaAKG 1000 mg works on the parallel epigenetic-clock pathway (Brunet/Conboy lab evidence).

Week-by-week expectation timeline

• Days 1–7: Plasma NR rises within hours of the first packet (Trammell 2016 Cmax ~6 hours). Whole-blood NAD+ measurably higher within 24–48 hours. Most people don't yet notice anything subjectively.
• Weeks 2–4: The first cohort of subjective reports — typically a "morning lift" of energy or mental clarity that feels like better sleep without sleeping more. This is downstream sirtuin signaling catching up to the new precursor pool, not the precursor itself.
• Weeks 4–8: Mitochondrial biogenesis from PQQ becomes measurable (PGC-1α-induced new mitochondria take ~4 weeks to mature). Endurance/recovery improvements often appear here for active users. CRP and IL-6 begin to drop in users who were elevated at baseline.
• Months 2–6: The "compounding window." Senolytic clearance from quercetin (slow, partial) starts to show in skin-quality and recovery markers. NAD+ levels continue to rise toward the new daily-dosing equilibrium.
• Year 1+: Bloodwork-readouts: hsCRP, IL-6, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and (for users who track it) DunedinPACE/Horvath methylation age — the long-tail biomarkers that respond to sustained NAD+/sirtuin/senolytic stacking but never to a 30-day trial.

Who this is for

• Adults 35+ already aware that NAD+ declines with age and looking for an all-in-one drink rather than four bottles
• People who don't enjoy swallowing capsules and have abandoned previous supplement protocols because of it
• Anyone running a morning ritual (coffee, water with electrolytes, lemon water) where adding a drink mix is friction-free
• Frequent travelers who need supplements in a carry-on without rattling bottles or TSA questions about powder containers
• Stack builders who want the NR + Resveratrol + PQQ + Quercetin base in a single SKU and then layer additions (TMG, Apigenin, Fisetin, Spermidine) on top
• People rebuilding after burnout, post-illness, or post-surgery recovery who want the NAD+/mitochondrial substrate in the easiest possible delivery format

Who this is NOT for

• People with active cancer or recent cancer history — boosting NAD+ has a complex relationship with tumor metabolism; this is an oncologist conversation, not a supplement decision.
• People on warfarin, clopidogrel, or DOACs — resveratrol's antiplatelet activity is mild but additive.
• People scheduled for surgery within 2 weeks — discontinue and restart 2 weeks post-op.
• People who are pregnant or breastfeeding — none of these compounds are studied in pregnancy.
• People with severe stevia or berry allergies — see "What's not in it" below for the full ingredient list.
• People who specifically want NMN, not NR — see Pure NMN 500 mg or NMN 1000 mg Double Strength.

How to take it

One packet per day. Mix into 7–10 oz (200–300 ml) of cool water and stir until fully dissolved (~15 seconds). Best taken in the morning, ideally with breakfast — Resveratrol and PQQ both absorb better with some dietary fat. The berry flavor mixes clean with no aftertaste; some users add a squeeze of lemon, take it with a small handful of nuts, or drink it as a chaser to morning coffee.

Empty-stomach dosing. Acceptable but not optimal — fat-soluble actives (resveratrol, PQQ at higher doses) absorb 1.5–3× better with fat. If you're a strict morning-faster, save the packet for your first meal.

Stacking timing. If you take other capsule-based supplements (TMG, Apigenin, Fisetin, NAC, Glycine), take them with the same meal. NR and Resveratrol do not need to be cycled in healthy adults — daily dosing is the protocol used in all the cited human trials.

Do not exceed one packet per day unless under medical supervision. Doubling the dose does not proportionally increase NAD+ above the saturation point of the NRK1/NRK2 transport system.

What's not in it

• No artificial colors or sweeteners (sweetened with stevia leaf extract)
• No proprietary blends — every active ingredient is dose-disclosed on the label
• No added sugar (<5 calories per packet)
• No magnesium stearate, no titanium dioxide, no gelatin shells (no capsules at all)
• No GMOs, no gluten, no soy, no dairy
• Third-party tested for purity, potency, heavy metals, and microbial contamination before each batch ships

Important safety information

Generally well-tolerated; the most-reported adverse events in NR trials are mild flushing or transient GI discomfort, both dose-dependent and typically resolving within the first 1–2 weeks of daily use. Specific cautions:

• Active cancer or recent cancer history. Boosting NAD+ has a complex relationship with tumor metabolism — some tumor types are NAD+-dependent. Discuss with your oncologist before starting.
• Quercetin and CYP3A4 / P-glycoprotein interactions. Quercetin can inhibit CYP3A4 and P-gp transporters and may interact with cyclosporine, certain statins (atorvastatin, simvastatin), some calcium channel blockers, and certain chemotherapeutics. If you take prescription medications metabolized by CYP3A4, check with your prescriber.
• Resveratrol and blood thinners. Resveratrol has mild antiplatelet activity. If you take warfarin, clopidogrel, aspirin (daily-dose), or DOACs (apixaban, rivaroxaban, edoxaban, dabigatran), talk to your doctor before adding.
• Resveratrol and estrogen-sensitive conditions. Resveratrol is a weak phytoestrogen (mixed agonist/antagonist depending on tissue). Estrogen-receptor-positive cancer history, endometriosis, and certain fibroid presentations warrant a physician conversation.
• Pregnancy / breastfeeding. Not studied. Avoid.
• Surgery. Stop 1–2 weeks before any planned surgery and restart 2 weeks post-op (resveratrol's antiplatelet effect, quercetin's CYP interactions).
• Liver enzyme elevations (theoretical). Reported in <1% of long-running resveratrol trial subjects; reverses on discontinuation. Anyone with existing liver disease should baseline LFTs before starting.
• Allergies. Stevia, berry-flavor naturally-derived compounds. Check the full label if you have known reactivity to Asteraceae-family plants (chamomile, ragweed) — quercetin from rutin sources can cross-react in highly sensitive individuals.

Frequently asked questions

Is this NAD+ or a precursor?
A precursor — NR. NAD+ itself is a large, charged molecule that's poorly absorbed orally (most of an oral NAD+ dose is degraded in the gut to nicotinamide before reaching circulation). NR is the precursor with the most human trial data showing it actually raises blood and tissue NAD+ levels (Trammell 2016; Martens 2018). If you specifically want NAD+ delivered as the intact molecule, see Liposomal NAD+ Ultimate 1000 mg, which uses a phospholipid encapsulation to protect NAD+ through GI transit.

Why NR instead of NMN?
Both work; the human trial evidence base is larger for NR (65+ registered trials vs ~12 for NMN as of 2026). NMN converts to NR before crossing cell membranes in most tissues anyway (the Slc12a8 transporter that lets NMN enter cells directly is highly expressed in the gut but limited elsewhere — Grozio 2019, Nat Metab). We sell both — see our NMN vs NR comparison for the trial-level breakdown.

How long until I notice anything?
Most people report perceptible energy and focus changes in 2–6 weeks of daily use. Underlying NAD+ levels rise within hours of the first dose; the subjective effects lag because they reflect downstream sirtuin signaling and mitochondrial adaptation, not the precursor concentration itself. If you're in the no-effect bucket at week 8, the most-likely explanations are (a) you're already at adequate baseline NAD+, (b) you're missing a methyl donor (add TMG), or (c) the limiting factor in your case is sleep, exercise, or another upstream variable.

Can I take this with coffee?
Yes. No known interactions with caffeine. Many users take the packet alongside their morning coffee — the slight tartness of the berry pairs cleanly. If you take electrolytes or creatine in your morning water, those also stack fine.

Do I need to cycle it?
No. The daily-dosing protocol is used in every cited human trial. People sometimes pulse senolytics (Fisetin 1–2 days/month) but the NR / Resveratrol / PQQ base is taken daily without cycling. NR has not shown receptor-downregulation patterns at the doses studied.

Will it interact with my morning fast?
The packet contains a small amount of natural berry flavoring and a few calories (<5 kcal). If you're doing strict water-only fasting, take it with your first meal instead of in your fasting window. For more permissive fasting protocols (16:8 with electrolytes), the packet's caloric load is below the typical "broke the fast" threshold.

Why is the resveratrol "only" 150 mg when other products use 500 mg?
Bioavailability. Resveratrol has <1% oral bioavailability without enhancement — most of the 500 mg in standalone capsules is metabolized by the gut wall and liver before reaching circulation. The drink-mix delivery captures a fraction of the dose at the oral mucosa, and the formula is calibrated against metabolite-corrected exposure data, not raw label dose. If you want more, layer in Resveratrol 600 mg separately.

Why is the quercetin "only" 250 mg when other products use 500–1000 mg?
Phytosome bioavailability. 250 mg of Quercefit phytosome is bioequivalent to ~5,000 mg of bulk-powder quercetin (Riva 2019). The label dose is lower; the absorbed dose is comparable to or higher than the bulk-powder competitors at 4× the label dose.

Do I still need TMG with this product?
Recommended if you're taking it longer than 90 days or stacking with additional NMN/NR. NAD+ catabolism produces methylated end-products that draw down the body's methyl-group pool. TMG (trimethylglycine, also called betaine) is the most-direct methyl-donor replenishment. See TMG 1000 mg.

Can I take more than one packet per day?
Not recommended without medical supervision. The 300 mg NR dose is on the steep part of the dose-response curve; doubling the dose does not double the NAD+ rise, and adds resveratrol's antiplatelet load without proportional benefit.

Can I open the packet and mix it into a smoothie or coffee?
Cold or room-temperature smoothies, yes. Hot coffee, no — high temperatures degrade NR (it's heat-sensitive). Iced coffee is fine.

Is this dropshipped or stocked?
We work with a small number of vetted manufacturers who hold the inventory and ship direct. This keeps prices low and ensures you receive recently-manufactured product (typically 30–90 days from manufacture date) rather than warehouse stock approaching expiry. Each batch ships with a Certificate of Analysis on file.

What if it doesn't work for me?
30-day money-back guarantee on the first bottle. See our guarantee page for details.

The science (selected references)

• Trammell SAJ et al. Nicotinamide riboside is uniquely and orally bioavailable in mice and humans. Nat Commun. 2016;7:12948.
• Martens CR et al. Chronic nicotinamide riboside supplementation is well-tolerated and elevates NAD+ in healthy middle-aged and older adults. Nat Commun. 2018;9:1286.
• Dollerup OL et al. A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial of nicotinamide riboside in obese men. Am J Clin Nutr. 2018;108:343–353.
• Conze D et al. Safety and metabolism of long-term administration of NIAGEN. Sci Rep. 2019;9:9772.
• Howitz KT et al. Small molecule activators of sirtuins extend Saccharomyces cerevisiae lifespan. Nature. 2003;425:191–196.
• Lagouge M et al. Resveratrol improves mitochondrial function and protects against metabolic disease by activating SIRT1 and PGC-1α. Cell. 2006;127:1109–1122.
• Park SJ et al. Resveratrol ameliorates aging-related metabolic phenotypes by inhibiting cAMP phosphodiesterases. Cell. 2012;148:421–433.
• Brown VA et al. Repeat dose study of the cancer chemopreventive agent resveratrol in healthy volunteers. Cancer Res. 2010;70:9003–9011.
• Walle T et al. High absorption but very low bioavailability of oral resveratrol in humans. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004;32:1377–1382.
• Chowanadisai W et al. Pyrroloquinoline quinone stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis through cAMP response element-binding protein phosphorylation and PGC-1α expression. J Biol Chem. 2010;285:142–152.
• Nakano M et al. Effects of oral supplementation with pyrroloquinoline quinone on stress, fatigue, and sleep. Functional Foods in Health and Disease. 2012;2:307–324.
• Itoh Y et al. Effect of the antioxidant supplement pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt (BioPQQ) on cognitive functions. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2016;876:319–325.
• Riva A et al. Improved oral absorption of quercetin from Quercetin Phytosome®, a new delivery system based on food grade lecithin. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2019;44:169–177.
• Justice JN et al. Senolytics in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: results from a first-in-human, open-label, pilot study. EBioMedicine. 2019;40:554–563.
• Yousefzadeh MJ et al. Fisetin is a senotherapeutic that extends health and lifespan. EBioMedicine. 2018;36:18–28.
• Camacho-Pereira J et al. CD38 dictates age-related NAD decline and mitochondrial dysfunction through an SIRT3-dependent mechanism. Cell Metab. 2016;23:1127–1139.
• Escande C et al. Flavonoid apigenin is an inhibitor of the NAD+ase CD38: implications for cellular NAD+ metabolism, protein acetylation, and treatment of metabolic syndrome. Diabetes. 2013;62:1084–1093.
• Massudi H et al. Age-associated changes in oxidative stress and NAD+ metabolism in human tissue. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e42357.
• Grozio A et al. Slc12a8 is a nicotinamide mononucleotide transporter. Nat Metab. 2019;1:47–57.
• Zhang H et al. NAD+ repletion improves mitochondrial and stem cell function and enhances life span in mice. Science. 2016;352:1436–1443.
• López-Otín C et al. Hallmarks of aging: an expanding universe. Cell. 2023;186:243–278.

Read more on this topic

• What is NAD+? A beginner's guide to the coenzyme behind longevity
• NMN vs NAD+: which should you take in 2026
• NMN vs NR: which NAD+ precursor actually works better
• Best energy supplements that aren't caffeine
• Senolytics: how to clear zombie cells with Fisetin, Quercetin and Spermidine
• Mitochondrial Renewal: how to clear damaged mitochondria and build new ones
• Foundational Health: the 7 daily nutrients that run underneath every longevity stack

Browse the full NAD+ Family collection for related products and stacks, or the Mitochondrial Renewal collection for the PQQ-anchored protocols.

FDA disclaimer. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA. Consult your physician before starting any supplement, especially if you take prescription medication or have a medical condition.